1) What is a ‘warming’ experiment and how does it relate to climate

Question 1) What is a ‘warming’ experiment and how does it relate to climate change? What were the three warming ‘treatments’ (including the control treatment) used in the terracosm experiment?2) Refer to Figure 2 in the background to answer the following questions. -What is symmetric warming? What time of day is the symmetric treatment the warmest of the three treatments, morning (6:00 to 12:00), afternoon (12:00-18:00) or night (20:00-6:00)? -How is asymmetric warming different from symmetric warming? What time of day is the asymmetric treatment the warmest of the three treatments, morning (6:00 to 12:00), afternoon (12:00-18:00) or night (20:00-6:00)?3) Notice that in the morning the ambient (no warming) temperature is around 5oC (Figure 2). Would the warming at 7:00 in the morning lead to a greater increase in photosynthesis or in respiration? Why? Look at both curves in this temperature range in Figure 3 to answer.4) If warming is causing the largest temperature increases to occur in the morning (i.e., the cooler part of the day), would you predict plants to grow more, less, or the same amount compared to their growth before warming? Why? Refer to the balance of photosynthesis and respiration (i.e., carbon in and carbon out).5) Would you expect the effect to be larger, smaller, or the same between the asymmetric and symmetric warming treatments? Why? Think about the relative increase in temperature between the two warming treatments.6) When it is still dark at 4:00am (grey area in Figure 3), temperature in the ambient (no warming) treatment is ~5oC. Would a temperature increase at night lead to a greater increase in photosynthesis or respiration? Why? Look at both curves in this temperature range in Figure 3 (in the background) to answer. Hint, consider carefully whether both photosynthesis and respiration occur at night.7) If global warming is causing the largest temperature increases to occur at night, would you expect plants to grow more or less than they did before warming? Why? Hint, consider carefully whether both photosynthesis and respiration occur at night.8) Would you expect the effect to be larger, smaller, or the same between the asymmetric and symmetric warming treatments? Why? Think about the relative increase in temperature between the two warming treatments.9) Dr. Gregg designed a manipulative experiment to test the hypotheses.a) What makes the terracosm study a manipulative experiment rather than an observational experiment? Note, observations are made in each type; refer to the definitions if you need to.10) If you were to develop an observational study to test Dr. Gregg’s hypotheses, how might you go about it without warming and creating the chambers? Note the chambers are a manipulation, so it would not be appropriate to simply ‘observe’ them, even without warming. Make sure your answer here is consistent with your answer in last question.

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